Capital punishment

The capital punishment is a controversial way that some countries of apply justice. It’s a source of controversy ant it also causes multiple opinions. Some of these opinions are in favor, other against. Personally I y am against it.

The death penalty consists in to killing to somebody in order to punish them due to a kind of fault, offense or crime to society or to somebody else. The kind of crimes that makes somebody guilty and be necessary to apply death penalty changes from a country to others. This variety depends on customs, culture religion and traditions. All these conditions determinate if a crime could be considered too offensive and only with dead of the implicated can pay the crime committed and refill the fault to society.

The controversy about execution always is focused on the question. Dead of people is enough in order to pay it fault? It is justice or it is murder? Anyway capital punishment could be considered vendetta or revenge from the offended. The main bases for supports of death penalty come from the ancient learn “Eye by eye, teeth by teeth” . The situation is when the detractors of it, like Ghandi said “Eye by eye and the world will be blind”. The controversy always will be there. The opinion of everybody will depend on how formed and how are their feelings.

Too many opinions from people who are against and supporters are confronted. The argues who are in favor says that some kinds of crimes can be only paid through the dead of the criminal due these crimes are considered too offensive. On the other hand, detractors think that the death penalty is not a solution and revenge is not a good way of making justice. Instead this they promote the forgiveness and pity.

Finally to summarize in my opinion the capital punishment must exist but in a positive approach. Could be like that some people are re-incident in a lot o crimes. There no exist other way. This people must to be eliminated from society. But if somebody committed any kind of mistake or a single crime is better try to forgive, a give them another chance. In other words people who always have behavior troubles they are an issue for society. In these cases I agree that this kind of people must be punished with death penalty.

Jimmy Navarro Castro

Processes of peacemaking and peace building around the world

Peace making, in international political is called to these policies that under the support of the ONU they established actions to prevent the keep of the peace in some country or area.

By definition the types of peacemaking are diplomatic action, peacebuilding, peacekeeping, peace enforcement and peacemaking. Every one of them has different conditions and ways to act to get peace between countries or groupies in conflict.

The ONU is the organization which in charge of lead this kind of processes, and promotes the diplomatic relationship between the different countries. As a effort of the ONU, they created the Department of Political Affairs who works in every peace process around the world.

In order to stimulate this activity, the ONU created a web-based system where peacemaking professionals get support, information and knowledge related to peace agreements. There exist a kind of library where is documented a log about the last treatments or process of peace around the world.

The action of this organization has been essential for the world peace, because every country respect its decisions and they works to start a closer between the conflictive parts furthermore, they participate actively in the negotiation at the end, been already over every choice, the ONU and the Security Council have the authority and the resource to obligate to somebody or country con accomplish the agreements.

To summarize, as a result of the work of this organization, we can be sure that the peace will be protected, and the war is the last one way exit to resolve conflicts between people and countries. For me, ONU is a great achievement and important organization for the entire human race.

Jimmy Navarro Castro

http://www.un.org/Depts/dpa/peacemaker.html

http://peacemaker.unlb.org/index1.php

Nationalist Terrorism and State Terrorism.

The terrorism is some kind of coercion, where any way some people try to apply its needs or thinks using illegal, prohibited or harmful mechanisms. There exist several kinds of terrorism, among these exist the national terrorism and the state terrorism.

The national terrorism is used or practice by nationalist groupies, minorities who in some way, feel that they are discriminated or their rights are violated. In case of the state terrorism, as it name says, is practice by the state, government or who are commanding a country or state.

The goal of the state terrorism is keep people under control, where nobody tries to refute their control or oppression over the people. In the other hand, nationalist terrorism their achievement is independence, religion interest or “fight for freedom”.

Between the causes that generate actions of nationalist terrorism is when somebody feels the need of struggle in order to keep the rights that they believe have. Opposite to the nationalist terrorism is caused when the governing class wants keep control, then they use the technique of fear and keep people subdued.

The forms of act or make their criminal acts for the nationalist terrorism consist in to make or create a fear environment through severest punishes, kill people or anybody who tries of claim or protest.

At the end, both kinds of terrorism have one thing in common, all them kill people, in different ways in the two practices, to many people suffer the harm of who wants accomplish their goals by the violence.

Ethnic Conflicts

Ethnic Conflicts are those conflicts between two groups where their interests, culture, traditions, and other aspects are different. Without fear to take some mistake, the ethics conflicts come from the intolerance between members of the human race. Then when some different between some groups and it is very hard of tolerate it due to stereotypes or religious aspects, than become stronger than the feeling of humanity about other ones.

The stereotypes and discriminations are the causes that situations like this occur between people.

The most common example of ethical conflict is the racism, principally the aversion to the black the race. This, trough the history of humanity, has been marked like unfortunate people due their skin color. Since long time ago, ancient times, the black people was associated to the poor, the nasty and people inferior that only was able to work like animals, even in some times, this people was considered like stuffs and object or tool of work. This situation become turned in a group of feelings of intolerance and feels of superiority of nonblack people, and in other hand, feels of inferiority, hate, resentment and defensive from black people.

Another kind of conflicts ethics are those from religious reasons, philosophies, doctrines and dogmas.

Majority of people needs to believe in something, some that explains the non-explicable things. Caused by this, every civilization around the world has created a set of believes rules and style of live. This become deeply in the people, and it is spread to another’s and transmitted from generation to next generation. When this practices collide with the practices from other civilization, in a hard way, this turned in a friction very complicated, and it is not easy to resolve and get a neutral point and agreement between them.The religion, after the racism, it’s the most common away of be materialized some conflict ethnical.

In case of the watched movie, the kinds of differences said before, are showed, in different approaches. In one or other way, in every line of history in the movie, finally all them come to be se same. This is the case of the policeman racist (Matt Dillon), and the white woman rich (Sandra Bullock). About the religious reasons for conflict here have the discrimination of the American to the Persian Sir, and after the hate and prejudice from him to the locksmith Latin-American guy. At the end, in every life of the character in the movie, their life’s are intersected and the some way, the director send a positive message of each logical line in the movie.

For conclude, in my opinion, there exist a hope for the humanity. At the end, the solution in order live with these differences is to know that all us, are part of the same race, the human race, but inside it, exist variety, and our obligation it’s respect and tolerate who wants live different to us. We must to seed the good values, of tolerance, respect and capacity of accept than some people are different, they are not wrong, simply are different, simply, respect them.

Jimmy Navarro Castro

Globalization of infectious diseases agents

Infectious diseases is an illness which caused by pathogen. When the pathogen enters in the body, subsequently grows and multiplies within it. Among the diseases there exists cholera, whose agent pathogen is the Vibrio Cholerae which is in contaminated water. Also we have rabies (Rhabdovirus), yellow fever (Flaviviridae virus), influenza (Family Orthomyxoviridae virus), among others. Every pathogen agent enters in the human body through different ways, like mouth, nose, or even skin, when some insect bites it. These are only some few examples of agent’s pathogens that causes illnesses, in fact exist a lot of them, also many variants of every kind of virus or germ.

The globalization can influence the mechanism and a way the infectious diseases are spread. The globalization, among their features, had stimulated the facilities to emigrate from some place to another one by different means of transportation. Also, the globalization has come to increase so much the trade of food; therefore, keep the sanitary control its turning harder each day. Both aspects aforesaid, help to this kind of diseases to spread easily. The agent pathogens are carried by people, animals and food, and if all them keep moving and changing place without control; then the spread of disease will be out of control. It’s necessary the sanitary control in exportation and importation of food, fumigate if it’s necessary. In case of traffic of people, in migration office, they should have to keep the surveillance, asks for vaccines card and last medical checking, without exceptions.

The incidences of this kind of diseases are most common in some countries than others. The factors that contribute to this situation are geography, weather, migration of people and animals, natural disasters, and the health sanitary conditions. But, in fact, the mean situation that come to increase the level of people infected is the social and economic social of people and the government where happen the infections. As much the government can invest in health, providing resources, fresh water, a healthy environment, health services, and advices of prevention, will be the e level of risk of infection and how fast spreads the epidemic. Finally, in order to fight some threat of epidemic, and get in control, the sanitary authorities should ensure that everybody who result infected must be treated appropriately, isolated, aided and brought cure and medicine.

In my opinion, the efforts to keep the health security, is not an isolated struggle of every country, it’s a team job, of cooperation between the international community, where each country, according it economical capabilities, take affective actions to protect their citizens and also protect the citizens of the neighbor country. But, is very important too, our individual protection self, the care actions, prevention. Also, we must to be considered with other persons, in other words, if we know that we are infected, protect to other people, going to medical center, and taking actions to stop the spread of the disease.

Jimmy Navarro Castro

The impact of migration in the receiving countries.

The impact of migration in the receiving countries.

The migration happens when some people change its location for another in order to find some better condition, economic, social or political. The most common reason it’s due that some of them are looking for job. Some job that offers those better incomes that allows improving their quality of live.

This situation in fact has been happening long time ago, perhaps from begins of humanity, where the nomadism was a style of life. People always kept changing their location, principally to places where were more easy find the resources including hunter places, access to water, good grass to livestocking, even also in order to avoid the consequences of bad whether.

Today the reasons than generates migration are other. Example of this we have the impact than produces when too many people comes and town their home at the same place. Obviously the resources becomes limited, because are the same amount of resources for too more people.

Due to situations like war, political instability, economic crisis, or simply a dream for improve the incomes, causes that in several countries have the phenomena that people from neighbor countries come where the offer of job its better. Furthermore a job they also look for a better quality of public services, social and health services to higher level than their original country.

The troubles start when this situation gets out of control of authorities. Then the concentration of people consumes the resources, and the locals are affected by lack of the normal offer of resources.

For example we have important migration from AL to USA. Also here in CR we have too many people from Nicaragua, Colombia, Cuba and others places. When this situation get out control, could generate problems about the behavior of the demand and offer of job, the capacity of supply from public services be affected, due to are the same quantity of services to new people than has coming, even born from immigrant people.

It is a reality; people always are changing home, because people need to satisfice their requirements of wellbeing, them and their family too. This keeps the humanity changing, costumes, culture, language, meal, and style of lives, even, I thing that our different components of life, was coming of different people that some time, were immigrants.

Jimmy Navarro Castro

The proliferation of weapons of mass destruction

The proliferation of weapons of mass destruction

The weapons of mass destructive are these weapons that can harm to huge number of humans or that can cause big damage to nature and structures and the biosphere in general.

There exist too many kinds of these weapons like atomic, chemical, biological, etc. All of them are destructive and able to destroy too many people or infrastructure where the victims are not only the humans, also the nature and other kinds of life.

After the cold war, this kind of weapons still continues deployed by countries who was focused the symptoms of this war. The purpose of these weapons is to have a control mechanism based in terror or threats which become like a system of political, economical or territorial control. As result all that countries that have these weapons races in order to have the most harmful and fearsome weapon, so much, like that all this existents weapons are able to destroy the whole world in a few seconds.

Now, I thing than the situation turned a most complicated because all countries blaming others one of have it. But all them refuse that is true but at the end, each country have some of them. Then the treats that in some moment exists a time of many tension between some nations, that this weapons can be used and cause immeasurable harm to another’s one’s, even ecological impact a all that implicates the use of some weapon of this.

Like citizens, we are not able to do something in order to relief this situation. In countries with democracy like own, we can choice our governors’ who have the political control and can take some decision about this matter. About the international community, otherwise, we only can pride to God that these people desist of have or use this weapons.

Jimmy Navarro Castro.

Bibliography

Federal Bureau of Investigation: The Weapons of Mass Destruction, Retrieved October 4, 2010, from http://www.fbi.gov/hq/nsb/wmd/wmd_home.htm

Globalization Week Organizer:

Puntarenas, Costa Rica

September 28, 2010

Globalization Week Organizer:

Last week, the university did several events associated to globalization week. I am glad with this kind of activities that the university has always presented.

Unfortunately, I couldn’t attend to any activity. But, I am very proud about this initiative that keeps the university always a step ahead, looking for new technologies contacting enterprises y teaching students. Not only in the technical areas, but also it teach us how to survive in the outside world. How to compete in a globalized world, what are the new trends, how should our behavior be facing situations, challenges. In other words, how to be successful as a professional, not only as a technician or engineer, rather as a human and coworker, with enough social skills that make us successful, and enjoy that success. This allows us that always keep updated and have an interesting and-or innovative our point of view.

I would like that the university increased the frequency of these activities, but also at night in order for me to be able to attend to some of these events.

Sincerely,

Jimmy Navarro Castro

Global Warming

Global warming is the gradual increase of averages of the temperatures of the planet earth; it’s the atmosphere and the sea. From this point of view seems like a simple definition, but, did you thought already what really mean this? May be not, but the trouble go far way more than we can imagine.

This situation is caused by the CO2 released by humans in the atmosphere, near 30 billion of tones, even could be increasing now. The level has been coming rising and still continues, and nobody seems take an effective action against it.

The victims of this catastrophe are we all, including also all kind of life existent, but in a shorter term, is possible see how the poles are melting, and the level of the see has coming going up. This delicate consequence had caused human victims, because flood dead, hurricanes, droughts, and too many people has been harm by these “naturals” disasters.

At this point, could be possible, that the only one exit to the problem is make laws, in order to obligate to companies, people, and all us, take effective actions, and also avoid the practices that generate CO2 to the environment. Sadly, the power of money keeps the power of world, the heart and the common sense of owners of companies, that despite of all this warnings, they still keep their activities that pollute and causes to the warming of planet.

Some consequences are too easy of notice, but the situation is more complex, and scientific believe that the situation is more severe that it seems. We have melting glaciers, raising of the seas levels, this consequences are the cause of others delicates consequences, like hurricanes, droughts, pests, flood, etc. This all troubles, generates more bad situations, like looses of humans life’s, looses of wild life, after the crops cannot be picked up, and then this generate poverty and hungry, at the end, everything this a chain reaction cause-effect that all lead to a something. Death.

We can do several things I order to reduce this trouble. How? Conserving energy, changing lights for incandescent bulbs, saving fuel, reducing the use of the vehicle and always be sure that our car, accomplishes the rules anti pollution of the government. In our hands is the solution. Every one should have to do, something, simply, something.

By Jimmy Navarro

Bibliography

http://www.livescience.com/globalwarming/

http://www.commondreams.org/headline/2008/12/09-5

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/environment/globalwarming/7367555/Hurricane-Katrina-victims-to-sue-oil-companies-over-global-warming.html

http://planetsave.com/2010/08/18/humans-cause-global-warming-10-indicators/

http://www.nrdc.org/globalwarming/f101.asp#10

http://www.nrdc.org/globalwarming/fcons.asp

Human Rights and Domestic Violence

The Declaration of Humans Rights in it preamble intro, say , “Whereas recognition of the inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world”, (UN 1948 This shows the “inherent dignity” subject, talking about dignity, any situation where some person feel some kind of hurt, abuse, exploitation or violence, this could be named a violation of the humans rights .

The domestic violence refers to “violence or physical abuse directed toward your spouse or domestic partner; usually violence by men against women” (Lexical Database for English), then when any member of family hurts in some way to another member of the family, the most common, a man, who injuries spouse or kids within the family By definition, in most of the times is the father who harms his wife or partner, also some of his sons or daughters.

Actually in CR the problem about the differences between men and women related with how the society takes the different points of view of their behavior (men and women), causes a series of trouble , among this we have the violence domestic. This kind of violence happens in all social levels, but it is most common trouble among poor people, who don’t enough education, in the aspects of emotional control and management of the feelings.

In fact, the last years, the government has made changes and improvements in the laws to protect the victims of this kind of violence, s well as to punish to people who committed this kind of crime I think that this is a corrective action, but the government should apply a campaign of education, eaching parents how to help their children on how to manage how manage the feelings and the frustration, to respec others, especially girls and how to detect learn how detect signs of violence in order to avoid some situation of aggression.

This type of violence can be physical but it can also be physiological, although sexual abuse is very common. For these reason, there are many consequences, like physiological damage to the victim, leading to an inability to have a normal life and socialize. Obviously this also causes physical harm, even in extreme cases the violent situation can end in death. Also, when some kind of sexual abuse happens, it frequently leaves a pregnant teenager behind.

In Costa Rica, although that authorities are fighting against this violence, mainly with women protection, the situation cannot be hidden, the number of cases still continue raising and raising and as I said before, it’s better to invest in education and prevention, thaninvest in protection, punish and corrective actions.

There is a close relation between this and poverty and/or unemployment. Unemployment generate s poverty, the poverty generate s a stressed full situation, where any reason can generate that a guy harms her wife or relatives. Also aspects like cultural ideas, stereotypes, when some individuals come from a family where domestic violence happened domestic violence, there is a very high probably that this people can be aggressor or victim and this becomes a vicious circle.

To conclude, an only thing we can do in order to contribute with some “tiny grain of sand” to reduce this disease of the society is one. Educate, educate yourself and educate to others, feed the human values from a spirituality point o f view. Learn how manage the hard situations and the feelings and socialize healthy. Also is important don’t tolerate situations like this, and denounce or inform against authorities if some of us know some case of these.

Jimmy Navarro Castro.

Bibliography

United Nations: The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Retrieved September 14, 2010, from http://www.un.org/en/documents/udhr/

Princeton University, Lexical Database for English, Definition for domestic violence, Retrieved September 14, 2010, from http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=domestic%20violence